FAULT MANAGED POWER SYSTEM
5G POSES A UNIQUE CHALLENGE TO STAKEHOLDERS BECAUSE OF THE NECESSITY TO ADDRESS ALL THE FOLLOWING CONSTRAINTS AT ONCE HIGH VOLUME – THE NEED TO ENERGIZE HUNDREDS/ THOUSANDS OF INDIVIDUAL REMOTE LOADS (I.E. RRHS) HIGH POWER – EACH REMOTE LOAD DRAWS >1,000W PER NODE DENSIFICATION – EACH NODE IS SITUATED JUST A FEW HUNDRED FEET APART IN PUBLIC RIGHT OF WAY ACCESSIBILITY – NODES POTENTIALLY IN THE AREAS WHERE AC GRID POWER IS NOT READILY ACCESSIBLE COST ECONOMICS – COST OF POWER ACQUISITION AT EACH SITE IS PROHIBITIVE IN MASS SCALE Existing Approaches ϟ Negotiated fixed electricity cost per location: • Very hard to put these deals together with utility, which is typically very inflexible ϟ Utility meter at every small cell location: • Delays: can’t control deployment schedule, often months-long wait • Cost prohibitive: $4-$10k installation cost per node Recurring monthly service cost just to have meter at each node Emerging Approach ϟ There is a new and innovative Line Powering architecture that can be adopted for 5G powering applications referred to as Fault Managed Power System (FMPS); also known as Class 4 Power in the latest edition 2023 National Electrical Code. • Line power from central location • One utility meter at central location can serve 10 or more small cell triads; providing a monthly cost savings • Can vastly speed deployments & reduce installation fees
THE ENABLING TECHNOLOGY – CLASS 4 POWER • Class 4 Power is a new class within the National Electrical Code (NEC), The first significant change to the NEC in over 40 years • Based on new 2022 UL Standard 1400-1 titled “Fault Managed Power Systems” • The terms “Class 4 Power” and “Fault Managed Power System” are often used interchangeably • A Fault-Managed Power System consist of a fault managed power transmitter and a fault managed power receiver connected by a cable • The circuit is actively monitored for faults, and transmit power is controlled to limit power delivered into any fault • The new Class 4 enables lower cost, higher power, and increased safety and efficiency ADVANTAGES OF CLASS 4 POWER • Class 2/3 hazard mitigation typically done by limiting the power or current at the source (100W max) • Class 4 is not power limited and has a maximum voltage of 450V • Ability to transfer power over long distances (up to 6,000 feet) • Inherently safe high voltage, ensured by complex active fault management software • Transmit power is immediately disconnected in the event of fault detection • Circuits are continuously monitored for faults at any location on the line: - Ground faults, line to line faults, short circuits, arcing faults • Power Transmission can be centralized making simplifying utility connections, backup and maintenance • Simplified installation, no electrician required
FMPSsales@tiitech.com • 888.844.4720 • www.tiitech.com REAL-TIME CURRENT MONITORING The Upconverter is equipped with a Current Profile Analyzer that continuously monitors the output current connected to the outside world, scanning for anomalies at an impressive rate of 50,000 times per second. It’s programmed to allow only the current signatures recognized as “authorized” to pass through. POWER TRANSPORT SECTION Fault Managed Power (FMPS Zone) UPCONVERTER ◦ Upconverter converts AC Power to DC and elevates the output voltage to 380VDC (or +/-190VDC) for transmission across the outdoor-rated cables ◦ The FMPS Controller is integrated inside each of the Upconverter modules INSTANTANEOUS POWER CUT-OFF Upon detecting a line-to-line fault or the identification of an unauthorized current profile, the Upconverter’s output power is instantly cut off. POWER GRID ◦ AC grid supplies main power to the FMPS line power system +/-190VDC ShockSAFE Protection This mechanism uses a pioneering novel control and detection program known as Temporal Current Keying (TeCK) Protocol UNDERSTANDING TII’S
up to 6,000 ft. distance DOWNCONVERTER ◦ Downconverter steps down the voltage to 54VDC to power remote loads ◦ The FMPS Controller is integrated inside each of the Downconverter modules OUTSIDE PLANT (OSP) ◦ Cable type can either be OSP or hybrid cable (Brownfield or Greenfield applications) ◦ FMPS Zone IDENTIFYING UNAUTHORIZED CURRENTS In situations where unintentional contact occurs, for instance, human contact causing a line-to-line fault, the result is the generation of an “unauthorized current”. This unknown current signature distinctly varies from the one produced by the Downconverter or any other connected devices with authorized keys. VALID KEY GENERATION At the heart of the Downconverter is the Line Current Modifier where its main function is to actively modulate and adjust the input current. This creates a unique current profile that matches a predefined “authorized” signature (hence, a valid key) recognized by the Upconverter. REMOTE LOAD ◦ Remote Radio Head (RRH) 5G small cell antennas, etc. FAULT MANAGED POWER SYSTEM
FMPU-2000 FMPS-10K Fault Managed 2,000W Upconverter The Upconverter module converts AC utility power to ±190VDC for transmission over standard OSP copper or Hybrid telecommunication cables, providing “Line Power” to remote equipment without further utility connections. The device is compliant with Fault Managed Power Systems specifications, ensuring safety to all personnel having access to the high voltage lines. Each module connects to a Downconverter module that converts this high voltage DC power down to 54VDC at the remote end. The Downconverter receives ±190VDC power transmitted over standard copper or Hybrid telecommunication cables, providing “Line Power” to local devices without a utility connection. The Downconverter provides three, 500W - 54VDC outputs for powering RF radios or other loads. The device is compliant with Fault Managed Power Systems specifications, ensuring safety to all personnel having access to the high voltage power. Input Voltage 100-240 VAC Protections FMPS, GFI, OVP, OCP, OTP Output Voltage +/- 190VDC (FMPS class) Cooling Forced-air cooling Output Power 2,000W per circuit Operating Temperature -40C to +65C, cabinet in full sunlight Hot-swappable Yes Form Factor 19” Rack Mount, 2RU height Wire Gauge Supported AWG 12-24 Dimensions (Power Module) 3.47”x 3.37”x 16.50” (H x W x L) Efficiency > 95% Dimensions (Shelf) 3.47”x 17.04”x 20.80” (H x W x L) KEY PRODUCT BENEFITS • Backward-compatible with any legacy OSP copper pairs • Can work with either shielded or unshielded cable and tolerant to line parasitics like capacitance or inductance • Has adaptive line fault sensing making the system more resilient and fault-tolerant • Remote telematics using novel power line communications protocol INDUSTRY STANDARDS Designed to meet UL62368-1, UL 1998, ATIS-0600040, Telcordia GR-1089
Fault Managed 1,500W Downconverter Input Voltage 200-400 VDC (FMPS class) Output Voltage 54 VDC nom. Output Power per Channel 500W max. (1,500W total power) Holdup Time > 120ms at full power Physical Remote Shutdown Yes Wire Gauge Supported AWG 12- 24 Efficiency > 94% Protections FMPS, OVP, OCP, OTP Cooling Natural convection cooling Operating Temperature -40C to +65C in full sunlight Water Ingress Rating IP68 Dimensions (Power Module) 3.50” x 9.91” x 12.95” (H x W x L) Weight 10.1 lbs. Mounting Method Strand mount, pole mount, or buried/underground FMP-DIS KEY PRODUCT BENEFITS • Backward-compatible with any legacy OSP copper pairs • Built-in holdup function to ride through line surge transients • Options for single-pair or dual-pair input depending on AWG size and span distance • Three (3) independent 500W outputs with individual overcurrent protection • Comes with physical remote shutdown switch for device maintenance or field troubleshooting • Versatile deployment methods: aerial or buried/underground FMPD-1500
© 2025 Tii Technologies Inc. All rights reserved. Please contact us for additional information or to schedule a live demo 888-844-4720 | FMPSsales@tiitech.com Tii Technologies Inc. Corporate Headquarters: 141 Rodeo Drive Edgewood, NY 11717 Phone: 631.789.5000 Toll Free: 888.844.4720 sales@tiitech.com www.tiitech.com INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS PUBLICATION IS PROVIDED ONLY FOR YOUR CONVENIENCE AND IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. TII TECHNOLOGIES MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WRITTEN OR ORAL, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE, RELATED TO THE INFORMATION, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ITS CONDITION, QUALITY, PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR PURPOSE; AND TII TECHNOLOGIES DISCLAIMS ALL LIABILITY ARISING FROM THE USE OF THIS INFORMATION. MKT-BRO-FMPS
tiitech.comRkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MTM4MzQ3Mw==